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Genius Capacitor
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Electricity is one of the essentials we cannot live without. We use it every day, we pay for it, and we survive because of it, too. Many people are wondering who invented electricity or how it was discovered. The answer is NONE. The electricity we have now is an outstanding outcome of the combined work of a number of scientists, researches and inventors. The pioneers were even from the period of ancient Greeks.
Static electricity is the root of the modern electricity we use now and we have Thales of Miletus to thank for. He discovered the creation of static electricity in the 6th Century BC by merely rubbing fur with a different object. There was an attraction seen between these two items. The next development occurred in the 1550s by Girolamo Cardano, an Italian physicist. He started to work with magnetic forces. A follower of his named William Gilbert continued his studies. The term 'electricity' was first used in 1646.
In 1660, the discovery of electricity was put into application. It was by Otto von Guericke when he discovered the very first electrostatic generator in the history of mankind. This study was further proven by several test and led to the discovery of the fact that electricity is capable of moving freely in a vacuum.
The turning point of this discovery was seen in the 1700s where more modern applications were discovered. During this great period, capacitor was first invented and used. It was also found out during the same period that static electricity can be converted to electric current. This is also the same period when the famous scientist Benjamin Franklin studied the relation between electricity and lightning using the 'kite-and-lightning' method. These are all the major contributors to the discovery of electricity which we are enjoying now.
Stuart is writing for many websites, He enjoys writing and sharing articles on wide range of topics such as who invented electricity and who invented electricity. Visit to find more information.
Why the Bmw H3 Hybrid Will Knock Your Socks Off
Why The BMW H3 Hybrid Will Knock Your Socks Off
I don’t know about you but I‘m not easily impressed. Having said that let me tell you about the BMW H3 Hybrid and why it definitely will impress you too.
As you know, most hyrids use batteries as their source of electrical energy. The problem with this system is that the batteries are heavy, expensive and don’t last as long as the cars they are installed in. Because of these problems with batteries, BMW has taken a different and more creative approach to power generation.
Instead of batteries, BMW uses capacitors which they call “Super Caps”. These “Super Caps” are installed in the body of the BMW H3 Hybrid itself. Now, for those of you that don’t want the technical specs, let me make this easy and simple for you to understand. Total capacity of these “Super Caps” is about 190 kilowatts of energy.
Even though this is less energy then you can store in batteries, it still gets the job done for the BMW H3 Hybrid.
The major benefits of BMW using “Super Caps” are two-fold. The first benefit is that they charge very quickly compared to a battery. And secondly, when you need the extra power the most the “Super Caps” discharge quickly. In s sense you can think of them as being like a high performance battery. The downside is that their storage capacity is less than a battery.
But the benefits of the “Super Caps” outweigh the larger storage capacity offered by batteries.
The location of the “Super Caps” in the side-sill of the BMW H3 Hybrid is, in my opinion, a stroke of genius. Not only does this location look great, but it also has two other very important benefits. This location saves space and also provides for better handling because of the low center of gravity.
From an auto engineer’s point of view, this is a dream come true.
The fact is, hybrid sales have taken off and market analysts predict a big increase in market share for hybrids over the next decade. This make BMW perfectly positioned to take advantage of the hybrid opportunity because buyers are asking for more fuel efficient cars.
But, BMW does even more to create a great hybrid.
Consider this-----
With the creation of the BMW “Active Transmission”, the H3 has all the force of a diesel but the reaction time of a conventional gas engine. Without getting into the technical aspects, let me tell you this about the BMW “Active Transmission”.
What makes it so incredible is that it is the same size as the standard BMW automatic transmission but includes two clutches, the electric motor, six driving gears and all the electronics to run the electric part of the system.
What does all this mean to you?
A thrilling ride------that’s what.
Not only do you get about a 20% fuel reduction, but you will also experience 0 to 60 in about 6.7 seconds. Are you ready to feel the excitement of 146 MPH at top speed. Provided of course you can find a road without a “Smokey” where you can run “wide open”. To me this means that you get the best of both worlds. Save money on fuel and get high performance at the same time.
What more could you possibly want in a hybrid?
Chet Waters is the BMW Specialist. Learn How To Find Your BMW And At A Price You Can Afford. Go To:
http://www.bmwsauctions.com
About the Author
Chet Waters is the BMW Specialist who loves to share with others his passion for everything BMW.
http://www.bmwsauctions.com
don't understand capacitors?
i have absolutely no idea what a capacitor is for. i know that they store energy but i have a couple questions. 1.why would you have to store energy. 2. is the voltage on a electrolytic capacitor the maximum voltage or does it turn a voltage in to that. 4. if yes could a 400 volt capacitor turn 3 volts into 400 volts. 5. am i an awesome genius. 6.why does a capacitor usually have a resistor in front of it. 7. where and what do you connect to a capacitor besides + and -. 8. how do you read a lytic (or something like that) capacitor (the voltage or farads).
1. Capacitors can store energy (in the form of charge or voltage) that can be released all at once or a litle at a time. As such, they are useful in switching power supplies as temporary charge storage and in many types of filter circuits.
2. The voltage rating of an electrolytic capacitor is usually expressed as WVDC or "Working Voltage Direct Current" and should be considered a maximum. If this maximum voltage is exceeded, the capacitor is usualy ruined and can explode (burst its case).
3. A capcitor cannot change a voltage, it merely stores charge at the voltage it was charged to.
4. See answer to 3.
5. If you were, you would know more about capacitors.
6. A series resistor in front of a shunt capacitor is a low pass filter, one of the most common uses for a capacitor is for filtering.
7. Most capacitors have only 2 conections, and they are marked with polarity information only for electrolytic capacitors. There are so many ways to use a capacitor that it would be difficult to explain al of the possible circuit uses for a capacitor, much less every possible place to put one in a circuit. In general, an electrolytic capacitor should be used and conected so that there is always a net positive charge on the capacitor, thus they are not always the best choice, but they do have the highest energy densities (Farads/m^3).
8. On an electrolytic capacitor, as well as most other types, there is the capacitance value in pF or uF, (asume pF if not marked or if marked with a 3 digit number like 103 = 10,000 pF or 0.01uF). The maximum working voltage as explained before should be considered a maximum and is relatively independent of the capacitance.
How scientists captured the spark of power
A handful of the great men who energized the world are enshrined today in technical terms derived from their surnames: James Watt, Alessandro Volta, Andre-Marie Ampere and Luigi Galvani.
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